TY - JOUR
T1 - A complex dominance hierarchy is controlled by polymorphism of small RNAs and their targets
AU - Yasuda, Shinsuke
AU - Wada, Yuko
AU - Kakizaki, Tomohiro
AU - Tarutani, Yoshiaki
AU - Miura-Uno, Eiko
AU - Murase, Kohji
AU - Fujii, Sota
AU - Hioki, Tomoya
AU - Shimoda, Taiki
AU - Takada, Yoshinobu
AU - Shiba, Hiroshi
AU - Takasaki-Yasuda, Takeshi
AU - Suzuki, Go
AU - Watanabe, Masao
AU - Takayama, Seiji
N1 - Funding Information:
We thank K. Kubo for helpful comments and E. Mori, Y. Yamamoto, Y. Yoshimura, F. Kodama, H. Ichikawa, M. Okamura and M. Nara for technical assistance. This work was supported in part by Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas (23113002 and 16H06467 to S.T.; 23113001 to G.S., M.W. and S.T.; 16K21727 and 16H06470 to M.W.; and 16H06464 to M.W. and S.T.) and Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (25252021 and 16H06380 to S.T. and 16H04854 to M.W.) from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan (MEXT); the Program for Promotion of Basic Research Activities for Innovative Biosciences (to S.T.) from the Bio-oriented Technology Research Advancement Institution (BRAIN); and Grants in Aid for JSPS Research Fellow (14J10324 to S.Y.) from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2016 Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nature. All rights reserved.
PY - 2016/12/22
Y1 - 2016/12/22
N2 - In diploid organisms, phenotypic traits are often biased by effects known as Mendelian dominant-recessive interactions between inherited alleles. Phenotypic expression of SP11 alleles, which encodes the male determinants of self-incompatibility in Brassica rapa, is governed by a complex dominance hierarchy1-3. Here, we show that a single polymorphic 24 nucleotide small RNA, named SP11 methylation inducer 2 (Smi2), controls the linear dominance hierarchy of the four SP11 alleles (S44 > S60 > S40 > S29). In all dominant-recessive interactions, small RNA variants derived from the linked region of dominant SP11 alleles exhibited high sequence similarity to the promoter regions of recessive SP11 alleles and acted in trans to epigenetically silence their expression. Together with our previous study4, we propose a new model: sequence similarity between polymorphic small RNAs and their target regulates mono-allelic gene expression, which explains the entire five-phased linear dominance hierarchy of the SP11 phenotypic expression in Brassica.
AB - In diploid organisms, phenotypic traits are often biased by effects known as Mendelian dominant-recessive interactions between inherited alleles. Phenotypic expression of SP11 alleles, which encodes the male determinants of self-incompatibility in Brassica rapa, is governed by a complex dominance hierarchy1-3. Here, we show that a single polymorphic 24 nucleotide small RNA, named SP11 methylation inducer 2 (Smi2), controls the linear dominance hierarchy of the four SP11 alleles (S44 > S60 > S40 > S29). In all dominant-recessive interactions, small RNA variants derived from the linked region of dominant SP11 alleles exhibited high sequence similarity to the promoter regions of recessive SP11 alleles and acted in trans to epigenetically silence their expression. Together with our previous study4, we propose a new model: sequence similarity between polymorphic small RNAs and their target regulates mono-allelic gene expression, which explains the entire five-phased linear dominance hierarchy of the SP11 phenotypic expression in Brassica.
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U2 - 10.1038/nplants.2016.206
DO - 10.1038/nplants.2016.206
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85007247498
SN - 2055-026X
VL - 3
JO - Nature Plants
JF - Nature Plants
M1 - 16206
ER -