A Method for Cardiac Output Estimation of the Circulatory System Driven by the Ventricular Assist Device—In Vitro Experiments—

The purpose of this study is to establish an indirect measurement system for the cardiac output of the circulatory system supported by the left ventricular assist device (LVAD). In our study, a time series model of the circulatory system has been used. Its input and output are the outflow rate from the LVAD and the aortic pressure, respectively. The least square method has been used to identify the coefficients of the time series model. The cardiac output has been estimated Dy using the inverse system of the time series model driven by the aortic pressure. The proposed method can also estimate arterial compliance and systemic vessel resistance as well as the instantaneous variation of the left ventricular volume.