TY - GEN
T1 - A non-uniformly C-productive sequence & non-constructive disjunctions
AU - Case, John
AU - Ralston, Michael
AU - Akama, Yohji
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2015 by World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd.
PY - 2013
Y1 - 2013
N2 - Let φ be an acceptable programming system/numbering of the partial computable functions: ℕ = {0; 1; 2; …} →ℕ, where, for p ∈ ℕ N, φp is the partial computable function computed by program p of the φ-system and Wp = domain(φp). Wp is, then, the computably enumerable (c.e.) set accepted by p. The first author taught in a class a recursion theorem proof employing a pair of cases that, for each q, {x | φx = φq} is not computably enumerable. The particular pair of cases employed was: domain(φq) is infinite vs. finite - incidentally, by Rice's Theorem, a non-constructive disjunction. Some student asked why the proof involved an analysis by cases. The answer given straightaway to the student was that his teacher didn't know how else to do it. The present paper provides, among other things, a better answer: any proof that, for each q, {x | φx = φq} is not c.e. provably must involve some such non-constructiveness. Furthermore, completely characterized are all the possible such pairs of (index set based) cases that will work. Along the way, relevantly explored are uniform lifts of the concept completely productive (abbr: c-productive) sets to sequences of sets. The c-productive sets are the effectively non-c.e. sets. A set sequence Sq, q ∈ ℕ, is said to be uniformly c-productive iff there is a computable f so that, for all q, x, f(q, x) is a counterexample to Sq = Wx. Relevance: a completely constructive proof that each Sq is not c.e. would entail the Sqs forming a uniformly c-productive sequence. Relevantly shown, then, is that the sequence {x | φx = φq}, q ∈ ℕ, is not uniformly c-productive | and this even though, of course, the set {‹q, x›| φx = φq} is c-productive. For some results we provide upper and/or lower bounds for them as to position in the Arithmetical Hierarchy of the Law of Excluded Middle needed in addition to Heyting Arithmetic. Results are also obtained for similar problems, including for run-time bounded programming systems and other subrecursive systems. Proof methods include recursion theorems.
AB - Let φ be an acceptable programming system/numbering of the partial computable functions: ℕ = {0; 1; 2; …} →ℕ, where, for p ∈ ℕ N, φp is the partial computable function computed by program p of the φ-system and Wp = domain(φp). Wp is, then, the computably enumerable (c.e.) set accepted by p. The first author taught in a class a recursion theorem proof employing a pair of cases that, for each q, {x | φx = φq} is not computably enumerable. The particular pair of cases employed was: domain(φq) is infinite vs. finite - incidentally, by Rice's Theorem, a non-constructive disjunction. Some student asked why the proof involved an analysis by cases. The answer given straightaway to the student was that his teacher didn't know how else to do it. The present paper provides, among other things, a better answer: any proof that, for each q, {x | φx = φq} is not c.e. provably must involve some such non-constructiveness. Furthermore, completely characterized are all the possible such pairs of (index set based) cases that will work. Along the way, relevantly explored are uniform lifts of the concept completely productive (abbr: c-productive) sets to sequences of sets. The c-productive sets are the effectively non-c.e. sets. A set sequence Sq, q ∈ ℕ, is said to be uniformly c-productive iff there is a computable f so that, for all q, x, f(q, x) is a counterexample to Sq = Wx. Relevance: a completely constructive proof that each Sq is not c.e. would entail the Sqs forming a uniformly c-productive sequence. Relevantly shown, then, is that the sequence {x | φx = φq}, q ∈ ℕ, is not uniformly c-productive | and this even though, of course, the set {‹q, x›| φx = φq} is c-productive. For some results we provide upper and/or lower bounds for them as to position in the Arithmetical Hierarchy of the Law of Excluded Middle needed in addition to Heyting Arithmetic. Results are also obtained for similar problems, including for run-time bounded programming systems and other subrecursive systems. Proof methods include recursion theorems.
KW - Arithmetically limited law of excluded middle
KW - Clocked programming systems
KW - Complete productivity
KW - Constructivity
KW - Index sets
KW - Recursion theorems
KW - Uniformly computable
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85007393543&partnerID=8YFLogxK
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U2 - 10.1142/9789814678001_0002
DO - 10.1142/9789814678001_0002
M3 - Conference contribution
AN - SCOPUS:85007393543
SN - 9789814675994
T3 - Proceedings of the 13th Asian Logic Conference, ALC 2013
SP - 29
EP - 52
BT - Proceedings of the 13th Asian Logic Conference, ALC 2013
A2 - Zhao, Xishun
A2 - Feng, Qi
A2 - Kim, Byunghan
A2 - Yu, Liang
PB - World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte Ltd
T2 - 13th Asian Logic Conference, ALC 2013
Y2 - 16 September 2013 through 20 September 2013
ER -