Anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibodies in a patient with recurrent optic neuritis involving the cerebral white matter and brainstem

We herein report a case of recurrent optic neuritis involving the cerebral white matter and brainstem in a patient positive for anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibodies. The patient had an initial attack at 24 years of age. Optic neuritis recurred over 14 years, and she was admitted to our neurology unit at 38 years of age. She showed bilateral optic neuritis, high-intensity lesions in the cerebral white matter and brainstem on T2 MRI with contrast enhancement, and elevated serum anti-MOG antibodies. Immunotherapy improved the MRI lesions. Recurrent optic neuritis in patients with anti-MOG antibodies may thus involve the cerebral white matter and brainstem.