Antimetastatic effect of NK1⁺ T cells on experimental haematogenous tumour metastases in the liver and lungs of mice

Depletion of both natural killer 1.1⁺ (NK1⁺) intermediate αβ T-cell receptor (int T) cells and NK cells by in vivo treatment with anti-NK1 antibody greatly increased hepatic metastases of intravenously injected EL4 cells as well as pulmonary metastases of 3LL cells in C57BL/6 mice. However, depletion of NK cells alone by anti-asialo GM1 (AGM1) antibody treatment did not increase the metastases in either organ. Interleukin-12 (IL-12) administration into mice induced strong cytotoxicities of NK cell-depleted liver and lung mononuclear cells (MNC) comparable to those without NK-cell depletion and inhibited metastases in either organ. In contrast, in both NK cell- and NK1⁺ int T-cell-depleted mice, IL-12 could not induce cytotoxic activity of liver and lung MNC and metastases in both organs increased with or without IL-12 treatment. These results confirmed the fact that NK1⁺ int T cells are more potent antitumour effectors than NK cells against experimental haematogenous tumour metastases.