Combined endovascular and neurosurgical approach for paraclinoid internal carotid artery aneurysms

THE AUTHORS REVIEW the surgical management of nine complex paraclinoid aneurysms treated with the endovascular balloon catheter technique. With the patient under general anesthesia, the balloon catheter was guided into the feeding artery of the aneurysm by the Seldinger technique. After the aneurysm was exposed, the balloon was inflated temporarily to prevent premature rupture and to facilitate the dissection of the aneurysm. For the larger paraclinoid aneurysm, the double-lumen catheter was introduced into the cervical internal carotid artery (ICA). After temporarily trapping the aneurysm by balloon occlusion of the cervical ICA and clipping the intracranial ICA distal to the aneurysm, retrograde aspiration was performed to collapse the aneurysm. The complete collapse of the large aneurysm by this technique allows an easier dissection of the aneurysm and a safer application of suitable clips. Such a retrograde suction decompression method was used in six large aneurysms. Intraoperative digital subtraction angiography was performed in all cases after the aneurysmal clipping; in three aneurysms, repositioning the clip was required. Only one case of embolic complication was related to the vessel catheterization in this series, which was discovered during the operation. An embolectomy was performed immediately, and there were no postoperative sequelae. We conclude that the combined endovascular and neurosurgical approach, particularly for the large ICA aneurysms, which are difficult to control proximally, can be a useful method of treatment. To prevent complications related to thrombus formation, further refinement in the balloon catheter itself is still needed.