Consistent Strain-Based Multifidelity Modeling for Geometrically Nonlinear Beam Structures

Conventional multifidelity modeling for slender structures such as folding-wing aircraft and offshore wind turbines does not allow the generation of multiple fidelity models that consistently use the same external force model, which complicates simulation program and design process. Although consistent absolute nodal coordinate formulation (ANCF)based multifidelity modeling was recently proposed to address this inconsistency, it still has the following four problems: (1) a large number of generalized coordinates, (2) a large number of Lagrange multipliers, (3) difficulty in constraining high-frequency axial deformation, and (4) a lack of lower-fidelity models. The lower-fidelity models that have not yet been developed are torsion-only beam, extension-only truss, and bending-only beam models. The objective of this study was to develop a novel consistent strain-based multifidelity modeling framework that addresses these problems by leveraging new vector–strain transformations from ANCF to the strain-based beam formulation. We employed a hydrodynamic force model based on Morison’s equation as an example to demonstrate all fidelity models obtained from the proposed strain-based framework consistently use the same external force model. We conducted five simulations to verify the proposed models. The consistent external force model for the hydrodynamic force was then validated by comparison with experimental data. The simulation results concurred with those of conventional models and experiments. Low-fidelity models exhibited over 98% reduction in calculation time compared to high-fidelity models, which helps in conceptual and initial designs that require a large number of parametric simulations.