Cryogen-free 23 T superconducting magnet with a 7.5 T YBa ₂Cu₃O₇ insert coil

In order to develop a cryogen-free high-field superconducting magnet generating over 20 T a YBa₂Cu₃O₇ (Y123)-coated conductor insert coil is used to enhance a cryogen-free 18T superconducting magnet. The Y123 tape does not require stainless steel reinforcement. The Y123 insert coil which is almost the same size as the current Bi₂Sr ₂Ca₂Cu₃O₁₀ (Bi2223) insert coil is designed to generate 7.5 T at 187 A. It is able to achieve this since without stainless steel reinforcement the number of turns can be greatly increased. A cryogen-free superconducting magnet can achieve a static magnetic field of 23 T which is higher than that generated by practical superconducting magnets using liquid helium.