Current-induced spin polarization on metal surfaces probed by spin-polarized positron beam

H. J. Zhang; S. Yamamoto; Y. Fukaya; M. Maekawa; H. Li; A. Kawasuso; T. Seki; E. Saitoh; K. Takanashi

doi:10.1038/srep04844

Current-induced spin polarization on metal surfaces probed by spin-polarized positron beam

H. J. Zhang, S. Yamamoto, Y. Fukaya, M. Maekawa, H. Li, A. Kawasuso, T. Seki, E. Saitoh, K. Takanashi

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Abstract

Current-induced spin polarization (CISP) on the outermost surfaces of Au, Cu, Pt, Pd, Ta, and W nanoscaled films were studied using a spin-polarized positron beam. The Au and Cu surfaces showed no significant CISP. In contrast, the Pt, Pd, Ta, and W films exhibited large CISP (3~15% per input charge current of 10⁵ A/cm²) and the CISP of Ta and W were opposite to those of Pt and Pd. The sign of the CISP obeys the same rule in spin Hall effect suggesting that the spin-orbit coupling is mainly responsible for the CISP. The magnitude of the CISP is explained by the Rashba-Edelstein mechanism rather than the diffusive spin Hall effect. This settles a controversy, that which of these two mechanisms dominates the large CISP on metal surfaces.

Original language	English
Article number	4844
Journal	Scientific reports
Volume	4
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1038/srep04844
Publication status	Published - 2014 Apr 29

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title = "Current-induced spin polarization on metal surfaces probed by spin-polarized positron beam",

abstract = "Current-induced spin polarization (CISP) on the outermost surfaces of Au, Cu, Pt, Pd, Ta, and W nanoscaled films were studied using a spin-polarized positron beam. The Au and Cu surfaces showed no significant CISP. In contrast, the Pt, Pd, Ta, and W films exhibited large CISP (3~15% per input charge current of 105 A/cm2) and the CISP of Ta and W were opposite to those of Pt and Pd. The sign of the CISP obeys the same rule in spin Hall effect suggesting that the spin-orbit coupling is mainly responsible for the CISP. The magnitude of the CISP is explained by the Rashba-Edelstein mechanism rather than the diffusive spin Hall effect. This settles a controversy, that which of these two mechanisms dominates the large CISP on metal surfaces.",

author = "Zhang, {H. J.} and S. Yamamoto and Y. Fukaya and M. Maekawa and H. Li and A. Kawasuso and T. Seki and E. Saitoh and K. Takanashi",

note = "Funding Information: We are grateful to B. Gu, J. Ieda, and S. Maekawa of Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) for their valuable suggestions and discussions. This work was financially supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant No. 24310072 and a Grant for Basic Science Research Projects from the Sumitomo Foundation.",

year = "2014",

month = apr,

day = "29",

doi = "10.1038/srep04844",

language = "English",

volume = "4",

journal = "Scientific Reports",

issn = "2045-2322",

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T1 - Current-induced spin polarization on metal surfaces probed by spin-polarized positron beam

AU - Zhang, H. J.

AU - Yamamoto, S.

AU - Fukaya, Y.

AU - Maekawa, M.

AU - Li, H.

AU - Kawasuso, A.

AU - Seki, T.

AU - Saitoh, E.

AU - Takanashi, K.

N1 - Funding Information: We are grateful to B. Gu, J. Ieda, and S. Maekawa of Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) for their valuable suggestions and discussions. This work was financially supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant No. 24310072 and a Grant for Basic Science Research Projects from the Sumitomo Foundation.

PY - 2014/4/29

Y1 - 2014/4/29

N2 - Current-induced spin polarization (CISP) on the outermost surfaces of Au, Cu, Pt, Pd, Ta, and W nanoscaled films were studied using a spin-polarized positron beam. The Au and Cu surfaces showed no significant CISP. In contrast, the Pt, Pd, Ta, and W films exhibited large CISP (3~15% per input charge current of 105 A/cm2) and the CISP of Ta and W were opposite to those of Pt and Pd. The sign of the CISP obeys the same rule in spin Hall effect suggesting that the spin-orbit coupling is mainly responsible for the CISP. The magnitude of the CISP is explained by the Rashba-Edelstein mechanism rather than the diffusive spin Hall effect. This settles a controversy, that which of these two mechanisms dominates the large CISP on metal surfaces.

AB - Current-induced spin polarization (CISP) on the outermost surfaces of Au, Cu, Pt, Pd, Ta, and W nanoscaled films were studied using a spin-polarized positron beam. The Au and Cu surfaces showed no significant CISP. In contrast, the Pt, Pd, Ta, and W films exhibited large CISP (3~15% per input charge current of 105 A/cm2) and the CISP of Ta and W were opposite to those of Pt and Pd. The sign of the CISP obeys the same rule in spin Hall effect suggesting that the spin-orbit coupling is mainly responsible for the CISP. The magnitude of the CISP is explained by the Rashba-Edelstein mechanism rather than the diffusive spin Hall effect. This settles a controversy, that which of these two mechanisms dominates the large CISP on metal surfaces.

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Current-induced spin polarization on metal surfaces probed by spin-polarized positron beam

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