@article{0f8b42529bc84fa18ce853c87b8e99c8,
title = "Disentangling formation of multiple-core holes in aminophenol molecules exposed to bright X-FEL radiation",
abstract = "Competing multi-photon ionization processes, some leading to the formation of double core hole states, have been examined in 4-aminophenol. The experiments used the linac coherent light source (LCLS) x-ray free electron laser, in combination with a time-of-flight magnetic bottle electron spectrometer and the correlation analysis method of covariance mapping. The results imply that 4-aminophenol molecules exposed to the focused x-ray pulses of the LCLS sequentially absorb more than two x-ray photons, resulting in the formation of multiple core holes as well as in the sequential removal of photoelectrons and Auger electrons (so-called PAPA sequences).",
keywords = "covariance mapping, double core hole, multiple ionization processes",
author = "V. Zhaunerchyk and M. Kami{\'n}ska and M. Mucke and Squibb, {R. J.} and Eland, {J. H.D.} and Piancastelli, {M. N.} and Frasinski, {L. J.} and J. Grilj and M. Koch and McFarland, {B. K.} and E. Sistrunk and M. G{\"u}hr and Coffee, {R. N.} and C. Bostedt and Bozek, {J. D.} and P. Sal{\'e}n and Meulen, {P. V.D.} and P. Linusson and Thomas, {R. D.} and M. Larsson and L. Foucar and J. Ullrich and K. Motomura and S. Mondal and K. Ueda and R. Richter and Prince, {K. C.} and O. Takahashi and T. Osipov and L. Fang and Murphy, {B. F.} and N. Berrah and R. Feifel",
note = "Funding Information: This work has been financially supported by the Swedish Research Council, the Goran Gustafsson Foundation (UU/KTH), and the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden. MKa acknowledges financial support from the Swedish Institute (SI). LJF and RJS thank the EPSRC, UK (Grant No. EP/I032517/1). KCP and RR acknowledge the MIUR, Italy (Grants No. FIRB-RBAP045JF2 and No. FIRBRBAP06AWK3). Funding Information: This work has been financially supported by the Swedish Research Council, the G{\"o}ran Gustafsson Foundation (UU/ KTH), and the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden. MKa acknowledges financial support from the Swedish Institute (SI). LJF and RJS thank the EPSRC, UK (Grant No. EP/I032517/1). KCP and RR acknowledge the MIUR, Italy (Grants No. FIRB-RBAP045JF2 and No. FIRB-RBAP06AWK3). KU and KM are grateful to MEXT for funding the x-ray Free Electron Laser Utilization Research Project and the x-ray Free Electron Laser Priority Strategy Program. SM is grateful to JSPS for financial support. NB, TO, LF, and BFM acknowledge financial support by the U.S. Department of Energy of Science, Basic Energy Science, Chemical, Geosciences, and Biological Divisions. JG acknowledges financial support by the European Union through the Marie Curie Actions. MKo acknowledges support by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF, Erwin Schr{\"o}dinger Fellowship, J 3299-N20). MNP wishes to thank the French ANR (Agence Nationale de la Recherche) for partial support during her stay at the LCLS. Portions of this research were carried out at the LCLS at the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory. LCLS is an Office of Science User Facility operated for the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science by Stanford University. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2015 IOP Publishing Ltd.",
year = "2015",
month = oct,
day = "28",
doi = "10.1088/0953-4075/48/24/244003",
language = "English",
volume = "48",
journal = "Journal of Physics B: Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics",
issn = "0953-4075",
publisher = "IOP Publishing Ltd.",
number = "24",
}