Electronic band structure of black phosphorus studied by angle-resolved ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy

The electronic band structure of black phosphorus has been studied by angle- resolved ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (arups). The experimental valence band structure has been successfully obtained by the use of the He I and Ne I resonance lines. The binding energies of some special points with almost no interlayer energy dispersion have been experimentally determined and compared with the result of the self-consistent pseudopotential (scp) band calculation on black phosphorus. The comparison indicates that the scp calculation overestimates the 3p band width by about 1.0 eV and that the displacement is not necessarily uniform. The conduction band structure has also been studied by the arups with the Ar I resonance line, which is largely modulated by the conduction band structure.