Estimation of direct and maternal genetic parameters for growth and carcass traits in a herd of Japanese Black cattle in Miyagi prefecture, using a multitrait animal model

Data from 1170 records of fattening calves were collected on growth and carcass traits from a Japanese Black cattle herd located in Miyagi prefecture, Japan. The objective was to determine direct and maternal heritabilities, direct and maternal genetic correlations and phenotypic correlations between bodyweight at the beginning of the fattening period (BWS), bodyweight at the end of the fattening period (BWF), carcass weight (CW), average daily gain during the fattening period (ADG), rib eye area (REA), rib thickness, subcutaneous backfat thickness (SFT), yield estimate (YE) and beef marbling score (BMS). Direct heritability estimates of 0.16 (SFT) and 0.07 (BMS) were low, whereas estimates of the other traits were medium to high and ranged between 0.44 (REA) and 0.78 (CW). Direct genetic correlations were all positive, except those that were between BWS and SFT, and between BWS and YE (-0.49 and -0.14, respectively). The lowest positive genetic correlation was between BWS and BMS (0.04) and the highest was between BWF and CW (0.99). The phenotypic correlation coefficients ranged between -0.41 (between SFT and YE) and 0.96 (between BWF and CW). Maternal heritability estimates were generally low and ranged between 0.00 for BMS and 0.08 for BWS, CW and ADG. Selection programs comprising information on growth and carcass traits of calves and maternal traits of dams were suggested.