Function of vascular endothelial cells

Endothelial cells lining on the luminal surface of vessels play important roles in maintaining the integrity of vasculature. Vascular endothelium is known as a metabolically active secretory tissue, presents a thromboresistant surface, and acts as a selective barrier. It is now believed that abnormality in structure and function of endothelial cells is the cause of not only vascular diseases including atherosclerosis but also certain visceral disorders. In this article, I will focus on the regulatory role of vascular endothelial cells in vascular tone, adhesion of leukocytes, thrombosis, fibrinolysis, and cell growth.