Human chorionic gonadotropin is expressed virtually in all intracranial germ cell tumors

Hirokazu Takami; Shintaro Fukushima; Kohei Fukuoka; Tomonari Suzuki; Takaaki Yanagisawa; Yuko Matsushita; Taishi Nakamura; Hideyuki Arita; Akitake Mukasa; Nobuhito Saito; Masayuki Kanamori; Toshihiro Kumabe; Teiji Tominaga; Keiichi Kobayashi; Motoo Nagane; Toshihiko Iuchi; Kaoru Tamura; Taketoshi Maehara; Kazuhiko Sugiyama; Mitsutoshi Nakada; Yonehiro Kanemura; Masahiro Nonaka; Kiyotaka Yokogami; Hideo Takeshima; Yoshitaka Narita; Soichiro Shibui; Yoichi Nakazato; Ryo Nishikawa; Koichi Ichimura; Masao Matsutani

doi:10.1007/s11060-015-1809-y

Human chorionic gonadotropin is expressed virtually in all intracranial germ cell tumors

Hirokazu Takami, Shintaro Fukushima, Kohei Fukuoka, Tomonari Suzuki, Takaaki Yanagisawa, Yuko Matsushita, Taishi Nakamura, Hideyuki Arita, Akitake Mukasa, Nobuhito Saito, Masayuki Kanamori, Toshihiro Kumabe, Teiji Tominaga, Keiichi Kobayashi, Motoo Nagane, Toshihiko Iuchi, Kaoru Tamura, Taketoshi Maehara, Kazuhiko Sugiyama, Mitsutoshi NakadaYonehiro Kanemura, Masahiro Nonaka, Kiyotaka Yokogami, Hideo Takeshima, Yoshitaka Narita, Soichiro Shibui, Yoichi Nakazato, Ryo Nishikawa, Koichi Ichimura, Masao Matsutani

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22 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) production has been utilized as a diagnostic marker for germinoma with syncytiotrophoblastic giant cells (STGC) and choriocarcinoma. Elevated hCG in germinoma is considered to predict less favorable prognosis, and an intensive treatment strategy may accordingly be applied. However, there is some evidence that any germinoma may produce hCG to varying extent. We investigated mRNA expression of the hCG β subunit (hCGβ) using real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction in 94 germ cell tumors (GCTs). Most (93.3 %) GCTs showed higher expression levels compared with that of normal brain tissue (1.09 × 10⁰–1.40 × 10⁵fold). The expression was the highest in GCTs which harbor choriocarcinoma or STGC components. The expression level of hCGβ in germinoma was highly variable (1.09 × 10⁰–5.88 × 10⁴fold) in linear but not bimodal distribution. hCG concentrations in serum and CSF correlated with gene expression, especially when GCTs with single histological component were analyzed separately. The expression was not significantly associated with recurrence in pure germinoma. These results suggest that the serum/CSF hCG levels may need to be interpreted with caution as most GCTs appear to have the capacity of producing hCG irrespective of their histology. The clinical significance of ubiquitous hCG expression in GCTs needs further investigation.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	23-32
Number of pages	10
Journal	Journal of Neuro-Oncology
Volume	124
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/s11060-015-1809-y
Publication status	Published - 2015 Aug 23

Keywords

Expression
Germ cell tumor
Germinoma
Human chorionic gonadotropin
Real-time polymerase chain reaction

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1007/s11060-015-1809-y

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Takami, H., Fukushima, S., Fukuoka, K., Suzuki, T., Yanagisawa, T., Matsushita, Y., Nakamura, T., Arita, H., Mukasa, A., Saito, N., Kanamori, M., Kumabe, T., Tominaga, T., Kobayashi, K., Nagane, M., Iuchi, T., Tamura, K., Maehara, T., Sugiyama, K., ... Matsutani, M. (2015). Human chorionic gonadotropin is expressed virtually in all intracranial germ cell tumors. Journal of Neuro-Oncology, 124(1), 23-32. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11060-015-1809-y

@article{2936fdbe438f483fac11fff64128a6d3,

title = "Human chorionic gonadotropin is expressed virtually in all intracranial germ cell tumors",

abstract = "Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) production has been utilized as a diagnostic marker for germinoma with syncytiotrophoblastic giant cells (STGC) and choriocarcinoma. Elevated hCG in germinoma is considered to predict less favorable prognosis, and an intensive treatment strategy may accordingly be applied. However, there is some evidence that any germinoma may produce hCG to varying extent. We investigated mRNA expression of the hCG β subunit (hCGβ) using real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction in 94 germ cell tumors (GCTs). Most (93.3 %) GCTs showed higher expression levels compared with that of normal brain tissue (1.09 × 100–1.40 × 105fold). The expression was the highest in GCTs which harbor choriocarcinoma or STGC components. The expression level of hCGβ in germinoma was highly variable (1.09 × 100–5.88 × 104fold) in linear but not bimodal distribution. hCG concentrations in serum and CSF correlated with gene expression, especially when GCTs with single histological component were analyzed separately. The expression was not significantly associated with recurrence in pure germinoma. These results suggest that the serum/CSF hCG levels may need to be interpreted with caution as most GCTs appear to have the capacity of producing hCG irrespective of their histology. The clinical significance of ubiquitous hCG expression in GCTs needs further investigation.",

keywords = "Expression, Germ cell tumor, Germinoma, Human chorionic gonadotropin, Real-time polymerase chain reaction",

author = "Hirokazu Takami and Shintaro Fukushima and Kohei Fukuoka and Tomonari Suzuki and Takaaki Yanagisawa and Yuko Matsushita and Taishi Nakamura and Hideyuki Arita and Akitake Mukasa and Nobuhito Saito and Masayuki Kanamori and Toshihiro Kumabe and Teiji Tominaga and Keiichi Kobayashi and Motoo Nagane and Toshihiko Iuchi and Kaoru Tamura and Taketoshi Maehara and Kazuhiko Sugiyama and Mitsutoshi Nakada and Yonehiro Kanemura and Masahiro Nonaka and Kiyotaka Yokogami and Hideo Takeshima and Yoshitaka Narita and Soichiro Shibui and Yoichi Nakazato and Ryo Nishikawa and Koichi Ichimura and Masao Matsutani",

note = "Funding Information: This study was supported by a research program of the Project for Development of Innovative Research on Cancer Therapeutics (P-Direct) Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) of Japan. We thank Dr Hideki Katakami for sharing valuable data and inspiring the project, and Dr Sylvia Kocialkowski for critical reading of the manuscript. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2015, Springer Science+Business Media New York.",

year = "2015",

month = aug,

day = "23",

doi = "10.1007/s11060-015-1809-y",

language = "English",

volume = "124",

pages = "23--32",

journal = "Journal of Neuro-Oncology",

issn = "0167-594X",

publisher = "Kluwer Academic Publishers",

number = "1",

}

Takami, H, Fukushima, S, Fukuoka, K, Suzuki, T, Yanagisawa, T, Matsushita, Y, Nakamura, T, Arita, H, Mukasa, A, Saito, N, Kanamori, M, Kumabe, T, Tominaga, T, Kobayashi, K, Nagane, M, Iuchi, T, Tamura, K, Maehara, T, Sugiyama, K, Nakada, M, Kanemura, Y, Nonaka, M, Yokogami, K, Takeshima, H, Narita, Y, Shibui, S, Nakazato, Y, Nishikawa, R, Ichimura, K & Matsutani, M 2015, 'Human chorionic gonadotropin is expressed virtually in all intracranial germ cell tumors', Journal of Neuro-Oncology, vol. 124, no. 1, pp. 23-32. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11060-015-1809-y

TY - JOUR

T1 - Human chorionic gonadotropin is expressed virtually in all intracranial germ cell tumors

AU - Takami, Hirokazu

AU - Fukushima, Shintaro

AU - Fukuoka, Kohei

AU - Suzuki, Tomonari

AU - Yanagisawa, Takaaki

AU - Matsushita, Yuko

AU - Nakamura, Taishi

AU - Arita, Hideyuki

AU - Mukasa, Akitake

AU - Saito, Nobuhito

AU - Kanamori, Masayuki

AU - Kumabe, Toshihiro

AU - Tominaga, Teiji

AU - Kobayashi, Keiichi

AU - Nagane, Motoo

AU - Iuchi, Toshihiko

AU - Tamura, Kaoru

AU - Maehara, Taketoshi

AU - Sugiyama, Kazuhiko

AU - Nakada, Mitsutoshi

AU - Kanemura, Yonehiro

AU - Nonaka, Masahiro

AU - Yokogami, Kiyotaka

AU - Takeshima, Hideo

AU - Narita, Yoshitaka

AU - Shibui, Soichiro

AU - Nakazato, Yoichi

AU - Nishikawa, Ryo

AU - Ichimura, Koichi

AU - Matsutani, Masao

N1 - Funding Information: This study was supported by a research program of the Project for Development of Innovative Research on Cancer Therapeutics (P-Direct) Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) of Japan. We thank Dr Hideki Katakami for sharing valuable data and inspiring the project, and Dr Sylvia Kocialkowski for critical reading of the manuscript. Publisher Copyright: © 2015, Springer Science+Business Media New York.

PY - 2015/8/23

Y1 - 2015/8/23

N2 - Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) production has been utilized as a diagnostic marker for germinoma with syncytiotrophoblastic giant cells (STGC) and choriocarcinoma. Elevated hCG in germinoma is considered to predict less favorable prognosis, and an intensive treatment strategy may accordingly be applied. However, there is some evidence that any germinoma may produce hCG to varying extent. We investigated mRNA expression of the hCG β subunit (hCGβ) using real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction in 94 germ cell tumors (GCTs). Most (93.3 %) GCTs showed higher expression levels compared with that of normal brain tissue (1.09 × 100–1.40 × 105fold). The expression was the highest in GCTs which harbor choriocarcinoma or STGC components. The expression level of hCGβ in germinoma was highly variable (1.09 × 100–5.88 × 104fold) in linear but not bimodal distribution. hCG concentrations in serum and CSF correlated with gene expression, especially when GCTs with single histological component were analyzed separately. The expression was not significantly associated with recurrence in pure germinoma. These results suggest that the serum/CSF hCG levels may need to be interpreted with caution as most GCTs appear to have the capacity of producing hCG irrespective of their histology. The clinical significance of ubiquitous hCG expression in GCTs needs further investigation.

AB - Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) production has been utilized as a diagnostic marker for germinoma with syncytiotrophoblastic giant cells (STGC) and choriocarcinoma. Elevated hCG in germinoma is considered to predict less favorable prognosis, and an intensive treatment strategy may accordingly be applied. However, there is some evidence that any germinoma may produce hCG to varying extent. We investigated mRNA expression of the hCG β subunit (hCGβ) using real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction in 94 germ cell tumors (GCTs). Most (93.3 %) GCTs showed higher expression levels compared with that of normal brain tissue (1.09 × 100–1.40 × 105fold). The expression was the highest in GCTs which harbor choriocarcinoma or STGC components. The expression level of hCGβ in germinoma was highly variable (1.09 × 100–5.88 × 104fold) in linear but not bimodal distribution. hCG concentrations in serum and CSF correlated with gene expression, especially when GCTs with single histological component were analyzed separately. The expression was not significantly associated with recurrence in pure germinoma. These results suggest that the serum/CSF hCG levels may need to be interpreted with caution as most GCTs appear to have the capacity of producing hCG irrespective of their histology. The clinical significance of ubiquitous hCG expression in GCTs needs further investigation.

KW - Expression

KW - Germ cell tumor

KW - Germinoma

KW - Human chorionic gonadotropin

KW - Real-time polymerase chain reaction

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84937513304&partnerID=8YFLogxK

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84937513304&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1007/s11060-015-1809-y

DO - 10.1007/s11060-015-1809-y

M3 - Article

C2 - 25994796

AN - SCOPUS:84937513304

SN - 0167-594X

VL - 124

SP - 23

EP - 32

JO - Journal of Neuro-Oncology

JF - Journal of Neuro-Oncology

IS - 1

ER -

Human chorionic gonadotropin is expressed virtually in all intracranial germ cell tumors

Abstract

Keywords

UN SDGs

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