TY - JOUR
T1 - Induction of endoplasmic reticulum stress in retinal pericytes by glucose deprivation
AU - Ikesugi, Kengo
AU - Mulhern, Michael L.
AU - Madson, Christian J.
AU - Hosoya, Ken Ichi
AU - Terasaki, Tetsuya
AU - Kador, Peter F.
AU - Shinohara, Toshimichi
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported in part by funding from Research to Prevent Blindness (RPB) and funds from the Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, University of Nebraska Medical Center. The authors would like to thank Dr. Duco Hamasaki for critical reading of the manuscript and Mrs. Ryoko Yamamoto for her technical assistance.
PY - 2006/11/1
Y1 - 2006/11/1
N2 - Diabetic retinopathy is one of the major microvascular complications associated with diabetes mellitus, and the selective degeneration of retinal capillary pericytes is considered to be a hallmark of early retinopathy. Because glucose fluctuations commonly occur in diabetes, we hypothesized that these fluctuations will increase the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and induce the unfolded protein response (UPR) in retinal pericytes. To study whether ER stress and the UPR can be induced in retinal pericytes, rat retinal capillary pericytes were cultured in different concentrations of glucose. Hypoglycemia but not hyperglycemia was found to activate UPR-specific enzymes in pericytes. Strong UPR activation leading to apoptosis was also observed when pericytes were cultured in glucose concentrations that were reduced from high to low or no glucose. These results indicate that induction of UPR is related not only to absolute concentrations but also to a shifting from higher to lower concentrations of glucose.
AB - Diabetic retinopathy is one of the major microvascular complications associated with diabetes mellitus, and the selective degeneration of retinal capillary pericytes is considered to be a hallmark of early retinopathy. Because glucose fluctuations commonly occur in diabetes, we hypothesized that these fluctuations will increase the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and induce the unfolded protein response (UPR) in retinal pericytes. To study whether ER stress and the UPR can be induced in retinal pericytes, rat retinal capillary pericytes were cultured in different concentrations of glucose. Hypoglycemia but not hyperglycemia was found to activate UPR-specific enzymes in pericytes. Strong UPR activation leading to apoptosis was also observed when pericytes were cultured in glucose concentrations that were reduced from high to low or no glucose. These results indicate that induction of UPR is related not only to absolute concentrations but also to a shifting from higher to lower concentrations of glucose.
KW - Apoptosis
KW - Diabetic retinopathy
KW - Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress
KW - Retinal pericytes
KW - Unfolded protein response (UPR)
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U2 - 10.1080/02713680600966785
DO - 10.1080/02713680600966785
M3 - Article
C2 - 17114120
AN - SCOPUS:33751196588
SN - 0271-3683
VL - 31
SP - 947
EP - 953
JO - Current Eye Research
JF - Current Eye Research
IS - 11
ER -
