TY - JOUR
T1 - Influence of impurity doping on the partitioning of intrinsic ionic species during the growth of LiNbO3 crystal from the melt
AU - Kimura, Hiromitsu
AU - Koizumi, Haruhiko
AU - Uchida, Takashi
AU - Uda, Satoshi
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported in part by Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (18656002) from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan and by Global COE Program Materials Integration International Center of Education Research, Tohoku University. We also would like to thank the Mitsubishi Foundation for their support. We are grateful to Dr. Awatani at NISSAN ARC, LTD. for his experimental support and valuable suggestions in Raman scattering measurement.
PY - 2009/3/1
Y1 - 2009/3/1
N2 - The segregation of intrinsic ionic species of LiNbO3 during crystallization generates electromotive force (EMF) at the growth interface. The EMF was measured during the growth of LiNbO3 crystal doped with MgO, ZnO, ZrO2 and MnO2 in the concentration range from 0 to 12 mol% using a micro-pulling-down growth system. The influence of these impurities on the partitioning of intrinsic ionic species of LiNbO3 was examined. In the case of MgO-, ZnO- and ZrO2-doping, crystallization EMF had a minimum value at the concentration where the impurity ion changed its partitioning site from the Li-site to the Nb-site, as confirmed by Raman scattering measurements. The crystallization EMF of MnO2-doped LiNbO3 showed no such minimum value because Mn4+ ion did not change its partitioning site. These results demonstrate that it is the segregation of the intrinsic ionic species that generates the crystallization EMF rather than that of impurities and that the partitioning behavior of intrinsic ionic species of LiNbO3 is greatly affected by the partitioning site of impurity ions.
AB - The segregation of intrinsic ionic species of LiNbO3 during crystallization generates electromotive force (EMF) at the growth interface. The EMF was measured during the growth of LiNbO3 crystal doped with MgO, ZnO, ZrO2 and MnO2 in the concentration range from 0 to 12 mol% using a micro-pulling-down growth system. The influence of these impurities on the partitioning of intrinsic ionic species of LiNbO3 was examined. In the case of MgO-, ZnO- and ZrO2-doping, crystallization EMF had a minimum value at the concentration where the impurity ion changed its partitioning site from the Li-site to the Nb-site, as confirmed by Raman scattering measurements. The crystallization EMF of MnO2-doped LiNbO3 showed no such minimum value because Mn4+ ion did not change its partitioning site. These results demonstrate that it is the segregation of the intrinsic ionic species that generates the crystallization EMF rather than that of impurities and that the partitioning behavior of intrinsic ionic species of LiNbO3 is greatly affected by the partitioning site of impurity ions.
KW - A1. Electric fields
KW - A1. Impurities
KW - A1. Interfaces
KW - A1. Segregation
KW - A2. Micro-pulling-down growth
KW - B1. Niobates
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U2 - 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2008.09.178
DO - 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2008.09.178
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:62549156229
SN - 0022-0248
VL - 311
SP - 1553
EP - 1558
JO - Journal of Crystal Growth
JF - Journal of Crystal Growth
IS - 6
ER -