TY - JOUR
T1 - Integrated computational study of ultra-high heat flux cooling using cryogenic micro-solid nitrogen spray
AU - Ishimoto, Jun
AU - Oh, U.
AU - Tan, Daisuke
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors thank Prof. Katsuhide Ohira (IFS, Tohoku University, Japan) for his helpful discussions. This research was supported by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C. No. 23360080) from the Ministry of Education, Science and Culture, the Inamori Foundation, the Tanigawa Thermal Technical Foundation, the CASIO Scientific Promotion Foundation, the Sumitomo Foundation, Japan, and also by Project to Develop “Feasibility Study FS Stage,” Japan Science and Technology Agency. Part of the work was carried out under the Collaborative Research Project of the IFS, Tohoku University.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2012 Elsevier Ltd
PY - 2012/10/1
Y1 - 2012/10/1
N2 - A new type of ultra-high heat flux cooling system using the atomized spray of cryogenic micro-solid nitrogen (SN2) particles produced by a superadiabatic two-fluid nozzle was developed and numerically investigated for application to next generation super computer processor thermal management. The fundamental characteristics of heat transfer and cooling performance of micro-solid nitrogen particulate spray impinging on a heated substrate were numerically investigated and experimentally measured by a new type of integrated computational–experimental technique. The employed Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) analysis based on the Euler–Lagrange model is focused on the cryogenic spray behavior of atomized particulate micro-solid nitrogen and also on its ultra-high heat flux cooling characteristics. Based on the numerically predicted performance, a new type of cryogenic spray cooling technique for application to a ultra-high heat power density device was developed. In the present integrated computation, it is clarified that the cryogenic micro-solid spray cooling characteristics are affected by several factors of the heat transfer process of micro-solid spray which impinges on heated surface as well as by atomization behavior of micro-solid particles. When micro-SN2 spraying cooling was used, an ultra-high cooling heat flux level was achieved during operation, a better cooling performance than that with liquid nitrogen (LN2) spray cooling. As micro-SN2 cooling has the advantage of direct latent heat transport which avoids the film boiling state, the ultra-short time scale heat transfer in a thin boundary layer is more possible than in LN2 spray. The present numerical prediction of the micro-SN2 spray cooling heat flux profile can reasonably reproduce the measurement results of cooling wall heat flux profiles. The application of micro-solid spray as a refrigerant for next generation computer processors is anticipated, and its ultra-high heat flux technology is expected to result in an extensive improvement in the effective cooling performance of large scale supercomputer systems.
AB - A new type of ultra-high heat flux cooling system using the atomized spray of cryogenic micro-solid nitrogen (SN2) particles produced by a superadiabatic two-fluid nozzle was developed and numerically investigated for application to next generation super computer processor thermal management. The fundamental characteristics of heat transfer and cooling performance of micro-solid nitrogen particulate spray impinging on a heated substrate were numerically investigated and experimentally measured by a new type of integrated computational–experimental technique. The employed Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) analysis based on the Euler–Lagrange model is focused on the cryogenic spray behavior of atomized particulate micro-solid nitrogen and also on its ultra-high heat flux cooling characteristics. Based on the numerically predicted performance, a new type of cryogenic spray cooling technique for application to a ultra-high heat power density device was developed. In the present integrated computation, it is clarified that the cryogenic micro-solid spray cooling characteristics are affected by several factors of the heat transfer process of micro-solid spray which impinges on heated surface as well as by atomization behavior of micro-solid particles. When micro-SN2 spraying cooling was used, an ultra-high cooling heat flux level was achieved during operation, a better cooling performance than that with liquid nitrogen (LN2) spray cooling. As micro-SN2 cooling has the advantage of direct latent heat transport which avoids the film boiling state, the ultra-short time scale heat transfer in a thin boundary layer is more possible than in LN2 spray. The present numerical prediction of the micro-SN2 spray cooling heat flux profile can reasonably reproduce the measurement results of cooling wall heat flux profiles. The application of micro-solid spray as a refrigerant for next generation computer processors is anticipated, and its ultra-high heat flux technology is expected to result in an extensive improvement in the effective cooling performance of large scale supercomputer systems.
KW - Atomization
KW - Micro-solid nitrogen
KW - Multiphase flow
KW - Numerical analysis
KW - Spray
KW - Ultra-high heat flux cooling
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U2 - 10.1016/j.cryogenics.2012.07.002
DO - 10.1016/j.cryogenics.2012.07.002
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:84865190400
SN - 0011-2275
VL - 52
SP - 505
EP - 517
JO - Cryogenics
JF - Cryogenics
IS - 10
ER -