TY - JOUR
T1 - Interface and interfacial reactions in multi-walled carbon nanotube-reinforced aluminum matrix composites
AU - Zhou, Weiwei
AU - Bang, Sora
AU - Kurita, Hiroki
AU - Miyazaki, Takamichi
AU - Fan, Yuchi
AU - Kawasaki, Akira
N1 - Funding Information:
WW Zhou would like to thank the support of China Scholarship Council . The authors also appreciate the generous helps from Prof. Naoyuki Nomura, Dr. Keiko Kikuchi, Dr. Rui Yamada, Dr. Shihai Sun and Dr. Xin Lu in Tohoku University, and Dr. Mehdi Estili in National Institute for Materials Science .
Publisher Copyright:
© 2015 Elsevier Ltd.
PY - 2016/1
Y1 - 2016/1
N2 - The interface and interfacial reactions in Al-matrix composites reinforced with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were thoroughly investigated by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy combined with a precisely controlled heat treatment in the solid state. It was shown that MWCNT (002) formed a coherent interface with the low-index Al planes of Al (111), Al (220), and Al (002), realizing a stable interface. Aluminum carbides (Al4C3) were preferentially formed at the active prism plane edges sited at the open ends and acid treatment-induced surface nanodefects of MWCNTs. The Al4C3 maintained the shape of the pristine MWCNT and showed a typical orientation relationship with the Al matrix, that is, Al (111)//Al4C3 (001). It was suggested that the diffusion of Al atoms through Al4C3 dominated the growth of Al4C3; the Al4C3 originated at the open MWCNT tips may quickly grow in the <100> direction of the MWCNT, while the nanodefect-originated Al4C3 may grow simultaneously in the <110> and <100> directions of the MWCNT. The activation energy of Al4C3 formation, the appearance of twinning in single-crystal Al4C3, and the possible influence of the Al4C3 formation on the enhancement of load transfer at the MWCNT/Al interface were also studied.
AB - The interface and interfacial reactions in Al-matrix composites reinforced with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were thoroughly investigated by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy combined with a precisely controlled heat treatment in the solid state. It was shown that MWCNT (002) formed a coherent interface with the low-index Al planes of Al (111), Al (220), and Al (002), realizing a stable interface. Aluminum carbides (Al4C3) were preferentially formed at the active prism plane edges sited at the open ends and acid treatment-induced surface nanodefects of MWCNTs. The Al4C3 maintained the shape of the pristine MWCNT and showed a typical orientation relationship with the Al matrix, that is, Al (111)//Al4C3 (001). It was suggested that the diffusion of Al atoms through Al4C3 dominated the growth of Al4C3; the Al4C3 originated at the open MWCNT tips may quickly grow in the <100> direction of the MWCNT, while the nanodefect-originated Al4C3 may grow simultaneously in the <110> and <100> directions of the MWCNT. The activation energy of Al4C3 formation, the appearance of twinning in single-crystal Al4C3, and the possible influence of the Al4C3 formation on the enhancement of load transfer at the MWCNT/Al interface were also studied.
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U2 - 10.1016/j.carbon.2015.10.016
DO - 10.1016/j.carbon.2015.10.016
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:84947969080
SN - 0008-6223
VL - 96
SP - 919
EP - 928
JO - Carbon
JF - Carbon
ER -