Nanointerface molecules from material-binding

Antibodies, with their high affinity and specificity, are widely utilized in the field of protein engineering, medicinal chemistry, and nanotechnology applications, and our recent studies have demonstrated the recognition and binding of antibodies to the surface of inorganic material. High affinity material-binding antibody fragments are generated on the single variable domain of the heavy chain of a heavy chain camel antibody (VHH) by a combination of peptide-grafting and phage-display techniques and they can be used for one-pot functionalization of nanoparticles as interface molecules. Multivalent and bispecific antibodies which are constructed on the material-binding VHH platform by means of fusion technology functionalized inorganic nanoparticles in one pot, and these functionalized nanoparticles can be used to obtain surface plasmon resonance scattering images of cancer cells and to spontaneously link two different nanomaterials. Here, we propose the bispecific antibodies as convenient interface molecules in nano-sized world.