TY - JOUR
T1 - Non-steady-state crystal growth of LiNbO3 in the presence of an interface electric field
AU - Shi, Qilin
AU - Uda, Satoshi
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported in part by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), Japan, by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Exploratory Research (No. 16H03855). The authors also would like to express thanks to Mr. I. Narita, IMR, Tohoku University, for assistance with the EPMA measurements.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Elsevier B.V.
PY - 2021/7/15
Y1 - 2021/7/15
N2 - The redistribution of ionic species in LiNbO3 (LN) single crystals was analyzed under an abrupt change in the growth velocity in the presence of an interface electric field during growth using the micro-pulling-down technique. The unity value of the equilibrium partitioning coefficient, k0, for the true congruent LN, cs-MgO:LN, was modified by the interface electric field and converted to kE0 (≠1). This non-unity kE0 resulted in compositional variation in the crystal during non-steady-state growth. When a certain electric current was applied to the solid–liquid interface to counterbalance the Seebeck-effect-driven electric field to make kE0 = 1 for every ionic species, no change in solute concentration was found to have occurred during non-steady-state growth. These results demonstrated that the true congruent LN crystal maintained compositional uniformity irrespective of the growth conditions. We also investigated the effect of the velocity dependence of supercooling on the Seebeck-effect-induced potential at the interface.
AB - The redistribution of ionic species in LiNbO3 (LN) single crystals was analyzed under an abrupt change in the growth velocity in the presence of an interface electric field during growth using the micro-pulling-down technique. The unity value of the equilibrium partitioning coefficient, k0, for the true congruent LN, cs-MgO:LN, was modified by the interface electric field and converted to kE0 (≠1). This non-unity kE0 resulted in compositional variation in the crystal during non-steady-state growth. When a certain electric current was applied to the solid–liquid interface to counterbalance the Seebeck-effect-driven electric field to make kE0 = 1 for every ionic species, no change in solute concentration was found to have occurred during non-steady-state growth. These results demonstrated that the true congruent LN crystal maintained compositional uniformity irrespective of the growth conditions. We also investigated the effect of the velocity dependence of supercooling on the Seebeck-effect-induced potential at the interface.
KW - A1. Electric fields
KW - A1. Impurities
KW - A1. Interfaces
KW - A1. Segregation
KW - A2. Growth from melt
KW - B1. Oxides
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U2 - 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2021.126161
DO - 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2021.126161
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85107431882
SN - 0022-0248
VL - 566-567
JO - Journal of Crystal Growth
JF - Journal of Crystal Growth
M1 - 126161
ER -