TY - JOUR
T1 - On the future of Argo
T2 - A global, full-depth, multi-disciplinary array
AU - Roemmich, Dean
AU - Alford, Matthew H.
AU - Claustre, Hervé
AU - Johnson, Kenneth S.
AU - King, Brian
AU - Moum, James
AU - Oke, Peter R.
AU - Owens, W. B.
AU - Pouliquen, Sylvie
AU - Purkey, Sarah
AU - Scanderbeg, Megan
AU - Suga, Toshio
AU - Wijffels, Susan E.
AU - Zilberman, Nathalie
AU - Bakker, Dorothee
AU - Baringer, Molly O.
AU - Belbeoch, Mathieu
AU - Bittig, Henry C.
AU - Boss, Emmanuel
AU - Calil, Paulo
AU - Carse, Fiona
AU - Carval, Thierry
AU - Chai, Fei
AU - Conchubhair, Diarmuid O.
AU - D'Ortenzio, Fabrizio
AU - Dall'Olmo, Giorgio
AU - Desbruyères, Damien
AU - Fennel, Katja
AU - Fer, Ilker
AU - Ferrari, Raffaele
AU - Forget, Gael
AU - Freeland, Howard
AU - Fujiki, Tetsuichi
AU - Gehlen, Marion
AU - Greenan, Blair
AU - Hallberg, Robert
AU - Hibiya, Toshiyuki
AU - Hosoda, Shigeki
AU - Jayne, Steven
AU - Jochum, Markus
AU - Johnson, Gregory C.
AU - Kang, Ki Ryong
AU - Kolodziejczyk, Nicolas
AU - Koertzinger, Arne
AU - Le Traon, Pierre Yves
AU - Lenn, Yueng Djern
AU - Maze, Guillaume
AU - Mork, Kjell A.
AU - Morris, Tamaryn
AU - Nagai, Takeyoshi
AU - Nash, Jonathan
AU - Garabato, Alberto N.
AU - Olsen, Are
AU - Pattabhi, Rama R.
AU - Prakash, Satya
AU - Riser, Stephen
AU - Schmechtig, Catherin
AU - Shroyer, Emily
AU - Sterl, Andreas
AU - Sutton, Philip
AU - Talley, Lynne
AU - Tanhua, Toste
AU - Thierry, Virginie
AU - Thomalla, Sandy
AU - Toole, John
AU - Troisi, Ariel
AU - Trull, Tom
AU - Turton, Jonathan D.
AU - Velez-Belchi, Pedro J.
AU - Walczowski, Waldemar
AU - Wang, Haili
AU - Wanninkhof, Rik
AU - Waterhouse, Amy
AU - Watson, Andrew
AU - Wilson, Cara
AU - Wong, Annie P.
AU - Xu, Jianping
AU - Yasuda, Ichiro
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 Roemmich, Alford, CLAUSTRE, Johnson, King, Moum, Oke, Owens, Pouliquen, Purkey, Scanderbeg, Suga, Wijffels, Zilberman, Bakker, Baringer, Belbeoch, Bittig, Boss, Calil, Carse, Carval, Chai, Conchubhair, D'Ortenzio, Dall'Olmo, Desbruyères, Fennel, Fer, Ferrari, Forget, Freeland, Fujiki, Gehlen, Greenan, Hallberg, Hibiya, Hosoda, Jayne, Jochum, Johnson, Kang, Kolodziejczyk, Koertzinger, Le Traon, Lenn, Maze, Mork, Morris, Nagai, Nash, Garabato, Olsen, Pattabhi, Prakash, Riser, Schmechtig, Shroyer, Sterl, Sutton, Talley, Tanhua, Thierry, Thomalla, Toole, Troisi, Trull, Turton, Velez-Belchi, Walczowski, Wang, Wanninkhof, Waterhouse, Watson, Wilson, Wong, Xu and Yasuda.
PY - 2019/1/1
Y1 - 2019/1/1
N2 - The Argo Program has been implemented and sustained for almost two decades, as a global array of about 4000 profiling floats. Argo provides continuous observations of ocean temperature and salinity versus pressure, from the sea surface to 2000 dbar. The successful installation of the Argo array and its innovative data management system arose opportunistically from the combination of great scientific need and technological innovation. Through the data system, Argo provides fundamental physical observations with broad societally-valuable applications, built on the cost-efficient and robust technologies of autonomous profiling floats. Following recent advances in platform and sensor technologies, even greater opportunity exists now than 20 years ago to (i) improve Argo's global coverage and value beyond the original design, (ii) extend Argo to span the full ocean depth, (iii) add biogeochemical sensors for improved understanding of oceanic cycles of carbon, nutrients, and ecosystems, and (iv) consider experimental sensors that might be included in the future, for example to document the spatial and temporal patterns of ocean mixing. For Core Argo and each of these enhancements, the past, present, and future progression along a path from experimental deployments to regional pilot arrays to global implementation is described. The objective is to create a fully global, top-to-bottom, dynamically complete, and multidisciplinary Argo Program that will integrate seamlessly with satellite and with other in situ elements of the Global Ocean Observing System (Legler et al., 2015). The integrated system will deliver operational reanalysis and forecasting capability, and assessment of the state and variability of the climate system with respect to physical, biogeochemical, and ecosystems parameters. It will enable basic research of unprecedented breadth and magnitude, and a wealth of ocean-education and outreach opportunities.
AB - The Argo Program has been implemented and sustained for almost two decades, as a global array of about 4000 profiling floats. Argo provides continuous observations of ocean temperature and salinity versus pressure, from the sea surface to 2000 dbar. The successful installation of the Argo array and its innovative data management system arose opportunistically from the combination of great scientific need and technological innovation. Through the data system, Argo provides fundamental physical observations with broad societally-valuable applications, built on the cost-efficient and robust technologies of autonomous profiling floats. Following recent advances in platform and sensor technologies, even greater opportunity exists now than 20 years ago to (i) improve Argo's global coverage and value beyond the original design, (ii) extend Argo to span the full ocean depth, (iii) add biogeochemical sensors for improved understanding of oceanic cycles of carbon, nutrients, and ecosystems, and (iv) consider experimental sensors that might be included in the future, for example to document the spatial and temporal patterns of ocean mixing. For Core Argo and each of these enhancements, the past, present, and future progression along a path from experimental deployments to regional pilot arrays to global implementation is described. The objective is to create a fully global, top-to-bottom, dynamically complete, and multidisciplinary Argo Program that will integrate seamlessly with satellite and with other in situ elements of the Global Ocean Observing System (Legler et al., 2015). The integrated system will deliver operational reanalysis and forecasting capability, and assessment of the state and variability of the climate system with respect to physical, biogeochemical, and ecosystems parameters. It will enable basic research of unprecedented breadth and magnitude, and a wealth of ocean-education and outreach opportunities.
KW - ARGO
KW - Circulation
KW - Floats
KW - Global
KW - Ocean
KW - Salinity
KW - Temperature
KW - Warming
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85069764436&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85069764436&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3389/fmars.2019.00439
DO - 10.3389/fmars.2019.00439
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:85069764436
SN - 2296-7745
VL - 6
JO - Frontiers in Marine Science
JF - Frontiers in Marine Science
IS - JUL
M1 - 439
ER -
