TY - JOUR
T1 - Rapid separation of shikimic acid from Chinese star anise (Illicium verum Hook. f.) with hot water extraction
AU - Ohira, Hiroki
AU - Torii, Naota
AU - Aida, Taku M.
AU - Watanabe, Masaru
AU - Smith, Richard L.
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors wish to acknowledge resources of the Research Center of Supercritical Fluid Technology of Tohoku University and industrial sources for support of this research. The authors would like to thank Professor Yasushi Oizumi (Tohoku Univ.) and Professor Masaaki Toyomizu (Tohoku Univ.) for helpful discussions during the initial stages of the project.
PY - 2009/9/15
Y1 - 2009/9/15
N2 - Shikimic acid can be rapidly separated (ca. 5 min) from Chinese star anise with hot water extraction at temperatures of 120 °C or higher to obtain recoveries of 100%. Extraction recoveries of shikimic acid close to 97% can be obtained with water at 70 °C using slightly longer extraction times (ca. 10 min) than those at 120 °C. A semi-batch flow apparatus was used to study the effect of temperature, average particle size, water flow rate, and extraction time on the experimental recoveries. For 0.5 g Chinese star anise raw material that contained ca. 8% shikimic acid, 100% recoveries of shikimic acid could be obtained with 60 g water at 150 °C at 15 MPa in 4 min for star anise material having a particle size range from 355 to 600 μm. A one-site kinetic model was found to provide good correlation of the data and the kinetic parameters of the model could be written in terms of linearized contributions in temperature, average particle diameter and flow rate.
AB - Shikimic acid can be rapidly separated (ca. 5 min) from Chinese star anise with hot water extraction at temperatures of 120 °C or higher to obtain recoveries of 100%. Extraction recoveries of shikimic acid close to 97% can be obtained with water at 70 °C using slightly longer extraction times (ca. 10 min) than those at 120 °C. A semi-batch flow apparatus was used to study the effect of temperature, average particle size, water flow rate, and extraction time on the experimental recoveries. For 0.5 g Chinese star anise raw material that contained ca. 8% shikimic acid, 100% recoveries of shikimic acid could be obtained with 60 g water at 150 °C at 15 MPa in 4 min for star anise material having a particle size range from 355 to 600 μm. A one-site kinetic model was found to provide good correlation of the data and the kinetic parameters of the model could be written in terms of linearized contributions in temperature, average particle diameter and flow rate.
KW - Orthomyxoviridae
KW - Oseltamivir phosphate
KW - Pandemic preparedness
KW - Shikimic acid
KW - Subcritical water
KW - Tamiflu
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U2 - 10.1016/j.seppur.2009.07.005
DO - 10.1016/j.seppur.2009.07.005
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:68949208418
SN - 1383-5866
VL - 69
SP - 102
EP - 108
JO - Separation and Purification Technology
JF - Separation and Purification Technology
IS - 1
ER -