Solvothermal synthesis of caesium tungsten bronze in the presence of various organic acids and its NIR absorption properties

Nanoparticles of caesium tungsten bronze were successfully synthesized by solvothermal reactions in ethanol with the introduction of different organic fatty acids with various carbon numbers of 1 to 5. Compared to the sample prepared in pure ethanol, the samples obtained by mixed solvent of ethanol and fatty acids showed higher production yield, smaller particle size, more uniform particles size distribution and higher Cs/W atomic ratio. In addition, all of samples obtained using acids-ethanol mixed solvent exhibited higher visible light transmittance and greater NIR absorption performance, indicating the potential application for smart window and heat-ray shielding materials. The addition of acetic acid showed the best performance to facilitate the formation of well dispersed CsxWO3 regular nanorods, leading to its excellent optical properties.