Synthesis of BaZrS₃ by short time reaction at lower temperatures

The reaction to form a mixed sulfide, BaZrS₃, was studied using the mixture 0.9BaS+0.1BaCl₂+ZrS₂+αS (α=0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0) in evacuated glass ampoules with the reaction time ranging from 10 min to 168 h. At 723 K, the reaction was slow, and the mole fraction of BaZrS₃ started to increase after 12 h. At 773 K, the rapid reaction took place based on the different reaction mechanism. Namely, BaZrS₃ was formed with a high mole fraction of 0.8 after 1 h heating for α=0.5. At 823 K, the rate of reaction was still more increased, and a mole fraction of 0.92 was obtained for α=2.0 after a very short heating time of 10 min. The maximum BaZrS₃ yield attained 0.96 for α=2.0 when the sample was heated at 823 K for 1 h.