@article{a8a831ad20af49379a16f10833c83c3b,
title = "The enhancement of th1 immune response by anti-pd-l1 antibody in cattle infected with mycobacterium avium subsp. Paratuberculosis",
abstract = "Johne{\textquoteright}s disease, caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP), is a chronic enteritis of ruminants. Previous studies have shown that programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) is associated with the disease progression, and PD-L1 blockade activates MAP-specific Th1 responses in vitro. Here, we performed anti-PD-L1 antibody administration using 2 MAP-infected cattle at the late subclinical stage of infection. After administration, bacterial shedding was reduced or maintained at a low level. Additionally, MAP-specific Th1 cytokine production was upregulated, and CD69 expression was increased in T cells. Collectively, the treatment has a potential as a novel control method against Johne{\textquoteright}s disease.",
keywords = "Cattle, Immunotherapy, Johne{\textquoteright}s disease, Programmed death-ligand 1, Th1 response",
author = "Yamato Sajiki and Satoru Konnai and Reiko Nagata and Satoko Kawaji and Hayato Nakamura and Sotaro Fujisawa and Tomohiro Okagawa and Naoya Maekawa and Yukinari Kato and Yasuhiko Suzuki and Shiro Murata and Yasuyuki Mori and Kazuhiko Ohashi",
note = "Funding Information: ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. This work was supported by JSPS KAKENHI grant number 19KK0172 [to S.K.], grants from the Project of the NARO, Bio-oriented Technology Research Advancement Institution (Research Program on Development of Innovative Technology 26058 BC [to S.K.] and Special Scheme Project on Regional Developing Strategy, Grant 16817557 [to S.K.]), regulatory Funding Information: research projects for food safety, animal health and plant protection (JPJ008617.17935709) funded by the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries of Japan, and AMED under grant number JP20am0101078 [to Y.K.]. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. We are grateful to Dr. Hideyuki Takahashi and Dr. Tomio Ibayashi for valuable advice and discussions. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021 The Japanese Society of Veterinary Science.",
year = "2021",
doi = "10.1292/jvms.20-0590",
language = "English",
volume = "83",
pages = "162--166",
journal = "Journal of Veterinary Medical Science",
issn = "0916-7250",
publisher = "Japanese Society of Veterinary Science",
number = "2",
}