TY - JOUR
T1 - The relationship between advanced glycation end products and ocular circulation in type 2 diabetes
AU - Hashimoto, Kazuki
AU - Kunikata, Hiroshi
AU - Yasuda, Masayuki
AU - Ito, Azusa
AU - Aizawa, Naoko
AU - Sawada, Shojiro
AU - Kondo, Keiichi
AU - Satake, Chihiro
AU - Takano, Yoshimasa
AU - Nishiguchi, Koji
AU - Katagiri, Hideki
AU - Nakazawa, Toru
N1 - Funding Information:
Informed consent for treatment and participation in the research for this study was obtained from all patients. The institutional review board of Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine approved this study. The principal investigator, Dr. Kazuki Hashimoto, had full access to all the data in the study and take responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the analysis. No authors have any potential conflicts of interest to disclose. The authors would like to express our gratitude to Dr. Hideyuki Onami (Department of Ophthalmology, Iwaki Kyoritsu General Hospital, Fukushima, Japan) for their support of this paper. This paper was supported in part by JST grants from JSPS KAKENHI Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B) (T.N. 26293372 ), for Scientific Research (C) (H.K. 26462629 ), and for Exploratory Research (T.N. 26670751 ). The funders had no role in the design or conduct of the study; collection, management, analysis, or interpretation of the data; preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript; or the decision to submit the manuscript for publication.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2016 Elsevier Inc.
PY - 2016/9/1
Y1 - 2016/9/1
N2 - Aims To determine whether skin autofluorescence (SAF) and serum pentosidine, biomarkers of advanced glycation end products (AGEs), were associated with ocular microcirculation in type 2 diabetes patients with early diabetic retinopathy (DR). Methods This study included 46 eyes of 46 type 2 diabetes patients with no DR or non-proliferative DR. SAF was measured with an autofluorescence reader. Optic nerve head (ONH) microcirculation, represented by mean blur rate (MBR), was measured with laser speckle flowgraphy. Overall MBR, vascular MBR, and tissue MBR were calculated in software. MBR, SAF, pentosidine levels, and clinical findings, including central macular thickness (CMT), were then compared. Results SAF in the diabetes patients was correlated with age (P = 0.018). Serum pentosidine was correlated with age, vascular MBR and tissue MBR (P = 0.046, P = 0.035, and P = 0.01, respectively). CMT was correlated with tissue MBR (P = 0.016), but not with vascular MBR or overall MBR. Separate multiple regression analyses of independent contributing factors revealed that age, SAF, serum pentosidine, duration of diabetes, and pulse rate contributed to tissue MBR (P = 0.041, P = 0.046, P = 0.022, P = 0.011 and P = 0.036, respectively), while SAF, HbA1c, pulse rate, tissue MBR, diastolic blood pressure, and creatinine contributed to CMT (P = 0.005, P = 0.039, P < 0.001, P < 0.001, P = 0.022 and P = 0.001, respectively). Conclusions Tissue MBR may be closely related to AGE levels and CMT in type 2 diabetes patients with early DR, suggesting that ocular circulation might be potential early biomarkers of DR.
AB - Aims To determine whether skin autofluorescence (SAF) and serum pentosidine, biomarkers of advanced glycation end products (AGEs), were associated with ocular microcirculation in type 2 diabetes patients with early diabetic retinopathy (DR). Methods This study included 46 eyes of 46 type 2 diabetes patients with no DR or non-proliferative DR. SAF was measured with an autofluorescence reader. Optic nerve head (ONH) microcirculation, represented by mean blur rate (MBR), was measured with laser speckle flowgraphy. Overall MBR, vascular MBR, and tissue MBR were calculated in software. MBR, SAF, pentosidine levels, and clinical findings, including central macular thickness (CMT), were then compared. Results SAF in the diabetes patients was correlated with age (P = 0.018). Serum pentosidine was correlated with age, vascular MBR and tissue MBR (P = 0.046, P = 0.035, and P = 0.01, respectively). CMT was correlated with tissue MBR (P = 0.016), but not with vascular MBR or overall MBR. Separate multiple regression analyses of independent contributing factors revealed that age, SAF, serum pentosidine, duration of diabetes, and pulse rate contributed to tissue MBR (P = 0.041, P = 0.046, P = 0.022, P = 0.011 and P = 0.036, respectively), while SAF, HbA1c, pulse rate, tissue MBR, diastolic blood pressure, and creatinine contributed to CMT (P = 0.005, P = 0.039, P < 0.001, P < 0.001, P = 0.022 and P = 0.001, respectively). Conclusions Tissue MBR may be closely related to AGE levels and CMT in type 2 diabetes patients with early DR, suggesting that ocular circulation might be potential early biomarkers of DR.
KW - AGE
KW - Diabetic macular edema
KW - Diabetic retinopathy
KW - Pentosidine
KW - Skin autofluorescence
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U2 - 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2016.04.024
DO - 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2016.04.024
M3 - Article
C2 - 27209548
AN - SCOPUS:84975521113
SN - 1056-8727
VL - 30
SP - 1371
EP - 1377
JO - Journal of Diabetes and its Complications
JF - Journal of Diabetes and its Complications
IS - 7
ER -
