TY - JOUR
T1 - Universal Bound to the Amplitude of the Vortex Nernst Signal in Superconductors
AU - Rischau, Carl Willem
AU - Li, Yuke
AU - Fauqué, Benoît
AU - Inoue, Hisashi
AU - Kim, Minu
AU - Bell, Christopher
AU - Hwang, Harold Y.
AU - Kapitulnik, Aharon
AU - Behnia, Kamran
N1 - Funding Information:
We thank H. Aubin, M. V. Feigel’man, S. A. Hartnoll, S. A. Kivelson K. Trachenko A. A. Varlamov, and G. E. Volovik for discussions. C. W. R. acknowledges the support of Fonds-ESPCI, Paris. This work was supported by a ‘QuantEmX’ Exchange Awards at Stanford University (K. B.) and at ESPCI (A. K.), by the Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR-18-CE92-0020-01; ANR-19-CE30-0014-04) and by Jeunes Equipes de l’Institut de Physique du Collège de France. H. I., M. K., C. B., and H. Y. H. were supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, under Contract No. DE-AC02-76SF00515. A. K. was supported by the National Science Foundation Grant No. NSF-DMR-1808385.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 American Physical Society.
PY - 2021/2/16
Y1 - 2021/2/16
N2 - A liquid of superconducting vortices generates a transverse thermoelectric response. This Nernst signal has a tail deep in the normal state due to superconducting fluctuations. Here, we present a study of the Nernst effect in two-dimensional heterostructures of Nb-doped strontium titanate (STO) and in amorphous MoGe. The Nernst signal generated by ephemeral Cooper pairs above the critical temperature has the magnitude expected by theory in STO. On the other hand, the peak amplitude of the vortex Nernst signal below Tc is comparable in both and in numerous other superconductors despite the large distribution of the critical temperature and the critical magnetic fields. In four superconductors belonging to different families, the maximum Nernst signal corresponds to an entropy per vortex per layer of ≈kBln2.
AB - A liquid of superconducting vortices generates a transverse thermoelectric response. This Nernst signal has a tail deep in the normal state due to superconducting fluctuations. Here, we present a study of the Nernst effect in two-dimensional heterostructures of Nb-doped strontium titanate (STO) and in amorphous MoGe. The Nernst signal generated by ephemeral Cooper pairs above the critical temperature has the magnitude expected by theory in STO. On the other hand, the peak amplitude of the vortex Nernst signal below Tc is comparable in both and in numerous other superconductors despite the large distribution of the critical temperature and the critical magnetic fields. In four superconductors belonging to different families, the maximum Nernst signal corresponds to an entropy per vortex per layer of ≈kBln2.
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U2 - 10.1103/PhysRevLett.126.077001
DO - 10.1103/PhysRevLett.126.077001
M3 - Article
C2 - 33666461
AN - SCOPUS:85102408856
SN - 0031-9007
VL - 126
JO - Physical Review Letters
JF - Physical Review Letters
IS - 7
M1 - 077001
ER -