TY - JOUR
T1 - Relationship of skin autofluorescence to severity of retinopathy in type 2 diabetes
AU - Yasuda, Masayuki
AU - Shimura, Masahiko
AU - Kunikata, Hiroshi
AU - Kanazawa, Hiroko
AU - Yasuda, Kanako
AU - Tanaka, Yuji
AU - Konno, Hideyuki
AU - Takahashi, Mai
AU - Kokubun, Taiki
AU - Maruyama, Kazuichi
AU - Sato, Noriko
AU - Kakizaki, Masako
AU - Sato, Mari
AU - Tsuji, Ichiro
AU - Miyata, Toshio
AU - Nakazawa, Toru
N1 - Funding Information:
This study was supported in part by JST grant, JSPS KAKENHI Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B) (T.N. 26293372), for Scientific Research (C) (H.K. 26462629), and for Exploratory Research (T.N. 26670751). This study was also supported in part by research grants from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan (Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (B) 22791648) and a Health Sciences Research Grant for Health Services (H23-Tokubetsu-Shitei-002, H24-Kenki-Shitei-002 (Fukko)), Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, Japan. The principal investigator, Dr. Masayuki Yasuda, had full access to all the data in the study and takes responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis. Involved in design and conduct of the study were (M. Y., T. N.); collection, management, analysis, and interpretation of the data (M. Y., M. S. H. K., K. Y., M. T, T. K., and T. N.); and preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript (M. Y., M. S., H. K., K. M., N. S., M. K., M. S., I. T., T. M., and T. N.). We thank Atsushi Nakahara, Seri Takahashi, Yasuaki Kamata, Y. Kawamura, Hiroshi Oshitani, Kayoko Hirano, Hiroo Matsuoka, Yuko Minami, Nobuo Yaegashi, Ryoichi Nagatomi, Keiichi Sasaki, and Ken Osaka.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2014 Informa Healthcare USA, Inc. All rights reserved: reproduction in whole or part not permitted.
PY - 2015/3/1
Y1 - 2015/3/1
N2 - Abstract Purpose: To evaluate the relationship between skin autofluorescence (SAF), which reflects the accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs), and the severity of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods: Sixty-seven eyes of 67 patients with type 2 diabetes were enrolled. Sixty-seven age-matched non-diabetic subjects served as controls. Diabetic patients were classified by the severity of their DR: no DR (NDR), non-proliferative DR (NPDR), and proliferative DR (PDR). SAF was measured with an autofluorescence reader. Results: SAF in the diabetes patients was significantly higher than in the controls (median 2.5 (interquartile range 2.3-2.7) and 1.8 (1.6-2.3) arbitrary unit (AU), respectively, p < 0.001). There was a statistically significant increase in SAF along with the increasing severity of DR (from NDR to NPDR: p = 0.034; NPDR to PDR: p < 0.01). Logistic regression analysis revealed that SAF (OR, 17.2; p < 0.05) was an independent factor indicating the presence of PDR. Conclusions: SAF has an independent relationship with PDR in patients with type 2 diabetes. SAF measurement with an autofluorescence reader is a non-invasive way to assess the risk of DR. SAF may, therefore, be a surrogate marker candidate for the non-invasive evaluation of DR.
AB - Abstract Purpose: To evaluate the relationship between skin autofluorescence (SAF), which reflects the accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs), and the severity of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods: Sixty-seven eyes of 67 patients with type 2 diabetes were enrolled. Sixty-seven age-matched non-diabetic subjects served as controls. Diabetic patients were classified by the severity of their DR: no DR (NDR), non-proliferative DR (NPDR), and proliferative DR (PDR). SAF was measured with an autofluorescence reader. Results: SAF in the diabetes patients was significantly higher than in the controls (median 2.5 (interquartile range 2.3-2.7) and 1.8 (1.6-2.3) arbitrary unit (AU), respectively, p < 0.001). There was a statistically significant increase in SAF along with the increasing severity of DR (from NDR to NPDR: p = 0.034; NPDR to PDR: p < 0.01). Logistic regression analysis revealed that SAF (OR, 17.2; p < 0.05) was an independent factor indicating the presence of PDR. Conclusions: SAF has an independent relationship with PDR in patients with type 2 diabetes. SAF measurement with an autofluorescence reader is a non-invasive way to assess the risk of DR. SAF may, therefore, be a surrogate marker candidate for the non-invasive evaluation of DR.
KW - AGE
KW - Advanced glycation end products
KW - Biomarker
KW - Diabetic retinopathy
KW - Skin autofluorescence
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U2 - 10.3109/02713683.2014.918152
DO - 10.3109/02713683.2014.918152
M3 - Article
C2 - 24871684
AN - SCOPUS:84925355710
SN - 0271-3683
VL - 40
SP - 338
EP - 345
JO - Current Eye Research
JF - Current Eye Research
IS - 3
ER -
