TY - JOUR
T1 - Tumor Microenvironment in Mixed Neuroendocrine Non-Neuroendocrine Neoplasms
T2 - Interaction between Tumors and Immune Cells, and Potential Effects of Neuroendocrine Differentiation on the Tumor Microenvironment
AU - Tsunokake, Junichi
AU - Fujishima, Fumiyoshi
AU - Watanabe, Hirofumi
AU - Sato, Ikuro
AU - Miura, Koh
AU - Sakamoto, Kazuhiro
AU - Suzuki, Hiroyoshi
AU - Sawai, Takashi
AU - Itakura, Yuko
AU - Hoshi, Tatsuya
AU - Kunimitsu, Atsushi
AU - Yamauchi, Takuro
AU - Akaishi, Ryujiro
AU - Ozawa, Yohei
AU - Fukutomi, Toshiaki
AU - Okamoto, Hiroshi
AU - Sato, Chiaki
AU - Taniyama, Yusuke
AU - Kamei, Takashi
AU - Sasano, Hironobu
N1 - Funding Information:
Funding: Financial support for the present study was partly provided by Novartis Pharma K.K. (Tokyo, Japan). Novartis Pharma K.K. had no role in the study design, data collection, analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
PY - 2022/5/1
Y1 - 2022/5/1
N2 - The tumor microenvironment is considered to play a pivotal role in various human malignancies. Neuroendocrine and non-neuroendocrine neoplasms are considered to have different tumor microenvironments. However, owing to differences in the systemic and/or local immune statuses, tumor microenvironments in different patients may be difficult to compare. Mixed neuroendocrine non-neuroendocrine neoplasms (MiNENs), although rare, could be useful for exploring the effects of neuroendocrine differentiation on the tumor microenvironment, because both neuroendocrine and non-neuroendocrine components are present in the same tumor. Here, we examined 33 cases.
AB - The tumor microenvironment is considered to play a pivotal role in various human malignancies. Neuroendocrine and non-neuroendocrine neoplasms are considered to have different tumor microenvironments. However, owing to differences in the systemic and/or local immune statuses, tumor microenvironments in different patients may be difficult to compare. Mixed neuroendocrine non-neuroendocrine neoplasms (MiNENs), although rare, could be useful for exploring the effects of neuroendocrine differentiation on the tumor microenvironment, because both neuroendocrine and non-neuroendocrine components are present in the same tumor. Here, we examined 33 cases.
KW - angiogenesis
KW - immune suppression
KW - mixed neuroendocrine non-neuroendocrine neoplasms
KW - neuroendocrine differentiation
KW - tumor infiltrating lymphocyte
KW - tumor microenvironment
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U2 - 10.3390/cancers14092152
DO - 10.3390/cancers14092152
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85128775606
SN - 2072-6694
VL - 14
JO - Cancers
JF - Cancers
IS - 9
M1 - 2152
ER -